Decarbonization is the main goal for 2025. As the air transport industry rebounds to pre-pandemic levels, data shows that CO2 emissions continue to pose a significant challenge. In 2024, emissions from air traffic in Europe reached 98% of pre-pandemic levels, according to a report by Transport & Environment (T&E). Despite sustainability commitments in the sector, operational reality reveals a disconnect, particularly concerning the cost of pollution and regulatory policies. 

Decarbonization in 2025: Mismatch Between Climate Commitments and Operational Reality

According to the report, over 70% of emissions generated by the European aviation sector in 2024 were not subject to any carbon pricing. This gap is due to the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), which only covers flights within the European Economic Area, leaving out intercontinental flights, which are the most polluting. Similarly, the maritime industry faces a similar situation with emissions from long-distance ships, where many of the IMO’s Zero-Net Frameworks still lack immediate regulatory impact.

The transition to a net-zero model in the maritime industry will require not only new technologies but also more inclusive carbon pricing policies. Just as airlines should be accountable for all their emissions, IMO’s Zero-Net Frameworks must also ensure that global maritime emissions are fully monitored and penalized according to their climate impact.

The Challenge of Intercontinental Flights and the Maritime Sector through the Decarbonization 

The report also highlights that intercontinental routes generated the highest emissions, particularly on flights like the London-New York corridor, which is not covered by the European emissions trading system. This regulatory gap could be compared to the lack of similar regulations on long-distance maritime routes, especially regarding emissions from ships sailing outside local jurisdictions.

It is crucial to extend carbon pricing regulations to intercontinental flights and similarly to international maritime routes. This would ensure that companies are accountable for the true climate cost of their operations, enabling funding for cleaner technologies such as biofuels and renewable energies for ships, which could accelerate the decarbonization of the global fleet.

Opportunities for the Maritime Industry: Collaboration and Technological Transition

Just as aviation is exploring multiple paths for decarbonization, such as Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and hydrogen, the maritime industry has several transition options, such as the use of LNG (liquefied natural gas) and other alternative technologies. For low-cost airlines, the pressure of aggressive pricing is accelerating their impact on the climate, which is also a challenge in maritime transportation, where fierce cost competition may delay investment in green technologies.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and automation systems, like the ones from GP Nauticals, can play a key role in optimizing navigation routes and reducing operational emissions. Collaboration will be crucial, especially as regulators, transport companies, and ports work together to integrate clean technologies and operational efficiencies.

A Clear Path to Decarbonization in 2025

While the European aviation sector faces an urgent need to adjust its climate policies, extending the EU ETS to intercontinental flights can serve as a model for future maritime reforms.

Air emissions in Europe have reached alarming levels, but the industry is pushing for reforms in the carbon pricing system to be implemented. With GP Nauticals’ technological solutions, ports and maritime companies can optimize their operations and comply with future sustainability regulations, creating a cleaner and more efficient sector.